Youth Justice
Evidence shows that despite the serious concerns raised in the Lammy Review about the over-representation of BAME children in the youth justice system, it remains a serious problem. It is disappointing that the Youth Justice Board (YJB) is only now considering research into the Youth Justice System (YJS). The observations in the Lammy Review make it clear that further research should be undertaken; so a two year delay requires justification.
Over 50% of the children in custody are BAME. Black children are particularly over-represented and more likely to be placed in Youth Offending Institutions (YOIs) than Secure Training Centres (STCs) and despite the numerous different work streams BAME disproportionality in youth custody has increased since the publication of the Lammy Review. Reoffending rates also remain high, especially amongst black children (under 18).[1]
Addressing disproportionality must be an ongoing priority for the YJB and Youth Custody Service (YCS). The creation of the YJB Stakeholder Engagement Group and the YCS Oversight Group are welcome but we would encourage both the YJB and YCS to demonstrate there is sufficient external BAME expertise within these groups.
Acknowledgement of the multi-generational lack of trust in the CJS and how this may impact upon parental engagement with the YJS is important. It is our view that trust, or a lack it, is one of the primary reasons for BAME community disengagement with the CJS, so we welcome work to address this.
It is positive to see the collaborative approach being taken by the YJB in supporting the work of Alliance of Sport, encouraging the use of sport to deter BAME children from entering the YJS. The same goes for the collaborative work that is taking place with the National Police Chiefs Council (NPCC). It is encouraging to see that other key players in policy and decision making in policing have recognised the need for a focus on BAME disproportionality.
More generally, the Government has rightly made significant funds available through the Youth Endowment Fund and Youth Futures Foundation to support disadvantaged young people. However, there is no evidence that these funds are supporting projects led by BAME organisations that help to keep BAME children and young people away from the CJS.